需要了解的一些英语单词

一）时政部分：
　　
　　A.时政与外交（111条）
　　
　　
　　爱国主义patriotism
　　安定团结stability and unity
　　不完全统计incomplete statistics
　　长江三峡工程the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River
　　春运spring transportation
　　弹性就业flexible employment
　　弹性外交elastic diplomacy
　　党群关系party-masses relationship
　　党政机关party and government organizations
　　第三代领导the third generation of the leadership
　　第一生产力primary productive force
　　多党合作制multi-party co-operation in exercising State power
　　反恐战争Anti-Terrorism War
　　风险管理risk management
　　风险评估risk assessment
　　峰会summit(conference)
　　改革开放reform and opening to the outside world
　　干部的考核与监督制system of the appraisal and supervision of the cadres
　　高薪养廉anti-corruption by considerably increasing income; nourish honesty with high salary
　　个人信用制度credit rating system
　　公务员civil servants
　　公务员考试civil servants exam
　　公务员制度 civil service system
　　公正、公平、公开just, fair and open
　　国际惯例international common practice
　　国际清算international settlement
　　宏观和微观控制micro and macro control
　　互动interact; mutual action
　　互惠互利mutual benefit
　　户籍管理制度management system for household registration
　　换届选举election at expiration of office terms
　　机构改革reform of the organizational structure; institutional change
　　基本纲领the basic program
　　基本国策basic state policy; basic national policy
　　基本国情fundamental realities of the country
　　基层组织organizations at the grass-roots level
　　计划生育family planning
　　监督部门watchdog
　　减负alleviate burdens; lightening the burden
　　减轻农民负担alleviate farmer’s burden; lighten the burden on farmers
　　减轻学生负担reduce the study load of students; lighten the study load of students
　　截流工程dam project
　　井架投标competitive bidding
　　竞聘上岗compete for the post
　　居委会neighborhood committee; residents’ committee
　　具有中国特色with Chinese characteristics
　　可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development
　　绿色通道landscaped roadways
　　门户开放政策open-door policy
　　强健民意defile public opinion
　　勤政廉政keep government functionaries honest and industrious
　　全球财富论坛Fortune Global Forum
　　全球化globalization
　　权力法案bill of rights
　　权力下放delegate power to the lower levels; shift of power to the grassroots
　　热点a centre of public attention
　　热门话题hot topic
　　人大代表NPC memeber
　　人口普查(population)census
　　人权human rights
　　弱势群体colony of weak tendency
　　三个代表three represents theory (The Party should always represent the development needs of China’s advanced social productive forces, always represent the onward direction of China’s advanced culture, and always represent the fundamental interests of the largest member of the Chinese people.)
　　三讲教育（讲学习、讲政治、讲正气）three emphases education(to strss theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)
　　三峡工程Three Gorges Dam Project
　　上海合作组织Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO)
　　上海五国第六次峰会the sixth summit of Shanghai Five
　　上海五国机制the Shanghai Five mechanism
　　社会热点问题hot spots of society
　　社会效益social effect; social results; social benefit
　　深化改革deepen reform
　　十一届三中全会the Third Session of Eleventh Central Committee of the Party
　　实事求是seek truth from facts; be practical and realistic; be true to facts
　　四项基本原则the Four Cardinal Principles of adherence to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
　　缩小差别bridge the gap; narrow the gap
　　缩小经济发展不平衡dercease the imbalance of economic development
　　特困地区destitute areas
　　透过现象看本质see through the appearance to perceive the essence
　　西部开发development of west China
　　乡镇企业township enterprise
　　行使否决权exercise the veto
　　行政法规administrative regulation/rule
　　行政监督administrative supervision; supervision by administration; supervision by the executive branch
　　行政诉讼administrative proceedings
　　性别歧视sexual discrimination; gender discrimination
　　亚太经济合作组织Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)
　　一个中心，两个基本点one central task, two basic points
　　以经济建设为中心focusing on the central task of economic construction
　　以人为本people oriented; people foremost
　　义务兵役制compulsory military service;conscription
　　意外风险emergency risk; unknown risk
　　营业税turnover tax
　　优惠的税收政策preferential tax policies
　　舆论导向diraction of public opinion; guidance of public opinion
　　舆论监督supervision by public opinion
　　与国际接轨be in line with international norms
　　与时俱进develop with the advance of the times
　　阅兵典礼dress parade
　　战略伙伴关系strategic partnership
　　直辖市municipality directly under the central government
　　职务终身制life-long tenure
　　职业资格证书制度professional qualification certificate system
　　只能转换transformation of functions
　　中国国情China’s actual conditions
　　中国热Sinomania(the heated interest in study of Chinese culture)
　　重点发展prioritize
　　重点工程key projects
　　撞机事件air/plane collision incident
　　自杀性爆炸a suicide bombing
　　自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
　　综合国力comprehensive national strength
　　综合治理comprehensive control
　　
B.法律与犯罪（76条）
　　
　　
　　暗娼unlicensed prostitute
　　保释on bail
　　保障司法公正ensure judicial fairness
　　传销pyramid selling; multi-level marketing
　　打击伪劣产品fight fake and shoddy goods
　　打击走私crack down on smuggling
　　打假crack down on counterfeit goods
　　打假办Office of Cracking down on Fake Products
　　大要案major and serous criminal cases
　　倒票speculative reselling of tichets
　　倒爷profiteer
　　地方保护注意regional protectionism
　　法案率incidence(of criminal cases)
　　法律意识legal awareness
　　法律援助legal aid
　　法盲legal illiterate
　　法制国家a state with an adequate legal system
　　法治国家a country under the rule of law
　　反腐败运动anti-corruption drive/campaign
　　反腐倡廉combat corruption and build a clean government; fight against corruption and call for honest administration
　　反贪局anti-corruption and -bribery bureau; anticorruption bureau
　　反贪污anti-embezzlement
　　非法囚禁illegal custody
　　非法移民illegal immigration
　　公检法public security organs, procuratorial organs and people‘s courts
　　公款public money
　　拐带儿童child stealing
　　拐卖abdut and trade
　　拐卖妇女、儿童abduction and trafficking of women and children; abduct and sell women and children
　　拐卖人口kidnap & sell people
　　黑社会Mafia-style organizations; gangland; underworld; black society
　　黑社会性质组织犯罪crimes related to gangs
　　红灯区red-light district; nightspot; adult business district
　　黄、赌、毒pornography, gambling and drug abuse and trafficking
　　基本法Basic Law
　　劫机hijacking
　　戒毒所drug rehabilitation center
　　禁毒drug control
　　联防community/team policing
　　买卖妇女traffic females
　　民法通则general provisions of the civil law
　　民事诉讼civil procedure
　　挪用公款misappropriate/embezzle public funds
　　普法disseminate the law
　　普法教育education concerning the legal system
　　侵吞公款embezzle(embezzlement of) public funds
　　青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency
　　裙带关系networking through petticoat influence; nepotism
　　人贩子trader in human being
　　扫黄eradicate porn things
　　扫黄打非eliminate pornography and illegal publications
　　扫黄运动campaign against porns; sweep off pornographic and obscene books
　　色情光盘pornographic VCD
　　社会治安情况law-and-order situation; public security situation
　　社会治安综合治理to improve all facets of public security; improving all facets of public security
　　司法腐败judicial corruption
　　死缓stay of execution; death sentence with a two-year reprieve
　　贪污embezzlement
　　逃税tax dodge
　　投诉lodge a complaint; register a beef
　　透明度transparency
　　违反合同breach of contract
　　伪币counterfeit money
　　伪钞false money
　　伪劣产品imitative and inferior commodity; fake or shoddy products
　　窝点criminal retreat, or place for concealing illege or stolen goods
　　无牌营业者interloper
　　刑法penal code； criminal law
　　依法治国mange state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law
　　以权谋私abuse power for personal gain; seek personal gain by abusing one‘s position and authority; misuse of power for private interest
　　引渡extradite
　　赃款赃物proceeds of crime
　　政法委politics and law committee
　　执法人员law enforcement officials; law-executor; law enforcer
　　遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one‘s official duties
　　做假帐tamper with accounting records
C.两岸三地（27条）
　　
　　
　　“两国论”"Two States" statement
　　“一中一台”"one China and one Taiwan"
　　不承诺放弃使用武力not undertake to renounce the use of force
　　港人治港Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong
　　国语mandarin Chinese
　　海峡两岸关系cross-strait relations
　　海协会Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Strait(ARATS)
　　和平统一peaceful unification
　　恢复行使主权resume the exercise of soverignty
　　居留权right of abode
　　两岸关系cross-straits relations
　　两岸直航促进会Association for Promotion of Cross-Straits Direct Transportation
　　民进党Democratic Progressive Party
　　平稳过渡smooth transition; stable transition
　　侨胞countrymen residing abroad
　　三通（通邮、通商、通航）three direct links of trade, mail, and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits
　　台独independence of Taiwan
　　台湾当局Taiwan authorities
　　台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.
　　台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots
　　台湾问题Taiwan issue
　　台语amoyese
　　台资the capital of Taiwan
　　特别行政区Special Administrative Region
　　行政长官chief executive
　　一国两制one country,two systdms
　　驻港部队PLA Hong Kong Garrison
D.精神文明建设（47条）
　　
　　
　　爱岗敬业cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work
　　拜金主义money worship
　　处女膜hymen
　　道德危机the crisis of morals
　　德智体美劳all around development of moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetics and labour education
　　扶贫support the poor; help the poor; poverty alleviation
　　扶贫工作anti-poverty work/project
　　见义勇为gallantly rising to the occasion; doing boldly what is righteous; anti-crime act
　　脚踩两只船sit on the fence
　　精神文明建设promote cultural and ideological progress; develop socialist culture and ethics
　　酒肉朋友fair weather friend
　　开涮to make a nasty joke; make a fool of
　　侃大山chew the fat
　　口头禅pet phrase
　　理念value; notion; concept
　　攀比compete with others to see who is superior
　　陪酒女B-girl
　　企业道德business ethics
　　亲子鉴定paternity
　　青少年网络文明公约China National Civilized Net Pact for Youngsters
　　请客送礼give lavish dinner parties and presents
　　染指reap undeserved profit from; encroach upon
　　三陪escort service; girls who provides sexual services, esp. prostitute
　　三陪小姐the girl of escort services; three accompany girl
　　商业道德commercial character; commercial ethics; commercial morality
　　社会主义精神文明socialist spiritual enlightenment; socialist culture and ethics; socialist culture and ideology; socialist spiritual civilizaiton; socialist ethics
　　铁哥们faithful pal; buddies; sworn friend
　　网络文明civilization of the Internet
　　息事宁人pour oil on troubled waters
　　先入为主First impresstions are firmly entrenched.
　　献血blood donation
　　小秘young secretary
　　邪教evil cult; heathendom
　　信仰危机crisis in moral convictions; belief crisis
　　性骚扰sex harassment; sexual harassment
　　摇钱树cash cow
　　义工volunteer
　　义捐charity contribution
　　义卖charity sale; sale of goods for charity; sale of goods for charity purpose
　　义演benefit performance; charity performance
　　义演音乐会benefit concert
　　隐私权privacy rights
　　宰客rip off(the customer)
　　占便宜profit at others' expense
　　职业道德professional ethics